Sunday, November 4, 2012

Buying a home at a 95% discount

I recently moved from San Francisco to Sacramento.

Chief among the reasons, was the imminent realization of an investment hypothesis I had been awaiting for quite some time.  In fact, since the housing market began its devastating ascent into bubble territory in the early 2000's.

The home I purchased this summer last sold for $200,000 in the year 2005.  I purchased it for $50,000.  (values are not actual, but proportional for this post)

This would then appear to be a 75% percentage discount relative to peak price (and a good deal!)

But this discount calculation is wrong.

This is because the percentage is being measured in dollars.  I don't believe that is the correct denominator to use for these kinds of calculations.

In my Sept 2010 post on the Faith-Based Currency  I concluded with a statement regarding how to evaluate investment opportunities between investment media:
The way to advance personal wealth interests is to advantageously switch among asset classes at the height of their valuation cycle before the mathematical underpinnings fail.

Back in the late 1990's and early 2000's I regarded bullion as severely undervalued, especially silver.  It was more of a casual finding but I grew more interested in the asset class:
  1. The more I learned about its history as a monetary metal, 
  2. The 30-year depletion of world reserves for industrial purposes, and 
  3. The complete lack of interest by the vast majority of people (and/or the ridicule/fear factor heaped on it by mainstream financial/investor media).
So, silver was just plain jane more interesting to me back then, while others were freaking out about which neg-am mortgage they could refinance into with The Great Orange One.

By way of reminding the reader, global interest in the US housing price bubble had reached a frenzied, mob-like pitch that eventually hit maximum overdrive by the middle of the last decade.  When prices had peaked it was too late, for by this time truly surreal finance mechanisms had ensnared not just the upside down mortgage holder, but most of the worlds' banking system, hedge funds, pension funds, and government agencies from DC to Peoria.  The net effect of the collapse was a massive global recession that is still ricocheting throughout the global system, seven years later.  Among many bad results was the catastrophic issuance of paper fiat currency (and more sovereign debt) in clumsy, ill-advised attempts to mitigate the collapse.  The architects of the bubble for the most part kept their jobs, and their bonus packages, courtesy of Joe Taxpayer (and Joe's children, grand-children etc.)

But all that is another story.

What also happened was a rebalancing of value of real stuff, in this case silver bullion.  Not because silver became scarce (though it has, modestly).  Not because the world woke up to the investment thesis (though maybe a few percent of people did, grudgingly).  And not because the financial system started pumping the asset class broadly (status quo, that).

No, what happened was that all that extra paper fiat currency that was conjured into existence drove up the exchange value of real stuff, in the time-honored tradition of currency debasement schemes everywhere, all the time.  

In 2005 the average price of silver was about $7.50 per troy ounce.  This summer the price of silver was about $34 per ounce.

That is an appreciation of ~353% in just seven years, or ~50% return per year (in paper fiat).

Not bad.

Now, let's pretend that home transactions happen not in dollars, but in silver ounces.   In order to buy a house, one must exchange dollars for silver and use the silver to make the home purchase.  In order to sell a house, one acquires the ounces of silver and then must go and exchange them for dollars.

This may seem cumbersome but there is a point which will become clear shortly, so please bear with me.

Go back to my home.  In the year 2005 the dollar trade price for my home in that year (when it sold) was $200,000. In order to make the home trade in silver it would have required $200,000 / $7.50/oz =  ~26,667 ounces of silver.

This summer my home price of $50,000 would have required ($50,000 / $34/oz) = 1,470 oz of silver.

By just waiting for 7 years I saved 25,197 ounces of silver, or the better part of a metric ton of bullion.

Put another way, the valuation discount in bullion (1,470 / 26,667) - 1 = ~ -94.5%, meaning my property was acquired for a ~95% silver value discount.

A translation of this into dollar terms yields the same results.

Say I had purchased 1,470 ounces of silver in 2005, at $7.50 per ounce.  This would have required $11,025 in fiat currency.

This summer those 1,470 ounces of silver would net (at $34 per ounce) $49,980, enough for my property purchase.

Remember, this was the same property that traded for $200,000 in the year 2005, which in effect could have been acquired for a net equivalent spend of $11,025 in silver at that same time.

$11,025 / $200,000 - 1 = ~  -94.5%

*********


I have no idea how long I will remain in Sacto, but so far so good!  I'm about 1-2 hours drive from San Francisco, Napa, the Sierras, etc.  The space to roam is a welcome change from the City, where I lived for over a decade, and the cost of living has effectively fallen to near zilch.  

In essence though this was a trade I could *not* pass up.  Had I stayed in the City and watch it fly by I know I would have regretted it for years.  This was the buy-low valuation scenario I knew would come one day, be fleeting when it hit.. but I just didn't know when/where it would strike.

Since acquiring valuations have been rising markedly and inventory plunging.  In the past 6 months (from Oct 2012) housing inventory for sale has fallen by ~55% and median home asking prices have risen by around 47%.

In just six months.

I don't believe this portends a new bubble, inasmuch as it does a market that overshot fair values in the plunge southwards.

There is also the echo chamber effect of the Bay Area, where cash-rich investors are pooling funds and buying properties to convert into rentals and/or flip in a few months' time... but these are all natural corrective forces in the market place, and soon I expect the rates of growth to stabilize into a more historic oscillation relative to rents, local income, etc.

I hope this was helpful.  In most of my posts I offer my opinions and perspective in a general way.  The sole reason I am sharing this here is to let you know that I do practice what I preach!

I understand my style is not for everyone.  But perhaps there might be elements of what I do/how I think that might help you diversify. Hopefully, at minimum give you new ways to view investment scenarios in new ways and with methods beyond the almighty dollar.
















Saturday, September 8, 2012

The barbarous relic..

In ancient times the Romans held the gold,
not the Barbarian race.
Now the elites cry only Barbarians hold gold,
Run kid!
Fetch me my mace. 


*********

"The Subprime Crisis will not affect the economy overall."- US Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke, June 20th, 2007

"Despite a recent spike in the nation's unemployment rate, the danger that the economy has fallen into a "substantial downturn" appears to have waned."- US Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke, June 9th, 2008.

"At this juncture . . . the impact [of the housing bubble bursting] on the broader economy and financial markets of the problems in the subprime markets seems likely to be contained." – Ben Bernanke, March 28, 2007.

“I don’t fully understand movements in the gold price,” -- Ben Bernanke, June 2010.   

"In the absence of the gold standard, there is no way to protect savings from confiscation through inflation. There is no safe store of value."  - Alan Greenspan, 1966.

"Would there be any advantage, at this particular stage, in going back to the gold standard? And the answer is: I don't think so, because we're acting as though we were there."  -- Alan Greenspan, 2005.

(translation:  'we're playing make-believe, which is just the same as reality').


“. . . . In reviewing the conflicts which have taken place between different interests in the United States and the policy pursued since the adoption of our present form of Government, we find nothing that has produced such deep-seated evil as the course of legislation in relation to the currency. The Constitution of the United States unquestionably intended to secure to the people a circulating medium of gold and silver. But the establishment of a national bank by Congress, with the privilege of issuing paper money receivable in the payment of the public dues, and the unfortunate course of legislation in the several States upon the same subject, drove from general circulation the constitutional currency and substituted one of paper in its place."
--Andrew Jackson, from his farewell address in 1837


Thursday, August 23, 2012

Discussing the unprintable

This post is just a summary of ten thoughts I have about silver, as a hedge.  An investment class.  A refuge, an allocation, a safe harbor, a non-correlated asset class.  If you read this and want to buy silver, buy the bullion not paper.  If you do not want to buy, well that is also fine, it is a free country.. just please let us know what the latest buzz from the herd happens to be these days. 

Salud!

*********************

 I.  An ounce is an ounce is an ounce.

Metal is metal.  It can't be deflated.  It can't be devalued.  It can't be tossed out like a drachma and replaced with a new piece of paper with cute face.  An ounce of bullion was, is, and always shall be one ounce of bullion.  An ounce of silver from Roman times remains an ounce of silver today, exchangeable into completely modern forms of paper no less!

II.  Paper is infinitely expandable
We treat money like paper.. talk about "printing" it and so forth.

But in fact most money these days is electronic.  Only about 7% of it exists in physical form and that number is shrinking every year as the Fed "prints" more money by increasing the amount of Money on servers and electronic ledgers. 

In the past governments and banks were constrained by the limitations of the printing press on how much money they could make... resorting to adding zeros to the bills to compensate for hyperinflation. 

Today it is different, they no longer need to add zeros to the physical money.  They just add zeros to the total amount of money in existence.  Most are fooled by this hat trick.  But the effects are intimately felt in the form of inflation.  Remember when a bottle of soda could be had for $0.75?  A gallon of milk for $1.10?

The price of real stuff goes up whenever the amount of money printed expands faster than real stuff can be made, produced, or mined.

Always.

And silver is in that category of 'real stuff'. 

III.  Silver is not infinitely expandable like paper.. it is literally unprintable. 
Silver must be found in the ground.

The ground where it is found is often way out in the middle of nowhere, or high up in Mount Somewhere.

Big pieces of rock and earth must be moved, pulled and hoisted and shoved into giant rock crushing machines and smelters that require lots of electric power and water to run, in a multi-phase process to get the little bits of silver out of them and refined into silver metal form.  Something like 2-3 oz of silver per ton of rock is considered very good ore strike.

This puts a natural limit on how much silver can be pulled out and made available for the humans mining it... no matter how badly we may want it.  The price could go to $1000 tomorrow and it would take a long time for every silver-rushin prospector runnin for the hills to find it, get it out, and bring it to the market.   

IV.  Silver is not money.  Silver is money.
Excepting the past few decades, silver has been considered money for as long as human civilization has been in existence.  In nearly every place.  It ended in the United States under Johnson in 1965, eventually phasing out by 1968. 

Gen X and later?  We are a rare generation indeed.. born into a dominant world power where silver was NOT an official form of monetary exchange (no matter how debased the coinage).. this has almost never happened anywhere, anytime.

To say that silver will never again be money, never be used to anchor the printing of paper in a fixed exchange rate (metal standards) is folly; at least.. the weight of human existence is against the proposition.

V.  Silver is mostly used, not saved.
Almost all silver mined every year is immediately used for industrial fabrication, as bits and conductors in machines.  Cell phones.  TV Screens.  Medical devices (antimicrobial).  And so on.  A small portion is used for coins and metals, and a small fraction demanded by "investors" for saving in the form of ingots, coins and bars.

VI.  Silver is not on anyone's radar screens. 
The annual amount of production purchased by investors comes to around 140 million ounces worldwide.  This equates to about $4.7 billion dollars (US).  World-wide Gross Domestic Product is about $70 Trillion Dollars.  This makes the effective demand for silver just 0.0066% of total WW GDP.  Question:  what would be the impact of a shift in investment psychology of just 0.001% of worldwide priorities?  How about a shift 10 times greater (0.01%)?  Of 1%?  5?

VII.  Silver is a hedge against stupidity.
We have many dedicated, well-meaning public servants.  Elected Leaders.  Many good bankers.  Business leaders.  Traders. 

And some not so good.

Sometimes, somewhere, in some part of the market with certain people.. things get out of hand.  They get greedy and try to change the rules.  Make exceptions for themselves and their patrons.  Game the system.  Do things that puts stuff out of whack.  Alter the balance.  Upset the apple cart.  

Bubbles form.  Fantasy asset classes get more attention than they deserve.  Manias develop.  The masses pile in.  Things pop.  Economic crises set in.

The very system that created/enabled/stood-silent during this mess is howled at to fix it.  So they clumsily step in and start waving their arms.

Sometimes they have a good impact.  Mostly they do not.  But in all situations more money is printed.. as the cure (which as previously stated is not actually printed but created somewhere in electronic ether like so much dark matter) fails to fix the problem. 

VIII.  On the Dark Matter

Dark matter is thought to be holding the universe in place and helping drive its expansion.  Expansion of M2 gives surreal powers to bankers, politicians, traders... to do things that would otherwise fail (Too Big to Fail, wash, print, repeat).

Meanwhile real stuff, bullion, well that remains unprintable. 

Every month the ratio of electronic money dollars to real silver available grows.  More dollars to chase fewer ounces.  The ratio expands.

IX.  Herein lies the value proposition of silver. 
The rate of printing means that cash dollars held will lose 2-4% of their value every year.  I have read many financial economists state that such rates are small, and manageable and not worth worry.

Over 20 years at 3% inflation my cash dollar today will have lost 45% of its value. 

It matters not how well meaning someone may be, economist or not.  Any statements like that are wrong.  Was it just not a few years ago that may of these experts were assuring us there was no housing bubble, that real estate never goes down, and that GDP would not fall into even a mild recession?

So yes, 2-4% annual debasement is a worry for me.

Meanwhile an ounce is an ounce is an ounce.  It's not getting smaller.  Inflated.  Debased with zinc.  Split apart.  It is still there.

X.  In retrospect, investment changes are sudden and disjointed.  They tend not to be gradual. 
What if the government planners lose control of the inflation/debasement scheme?  Just a shift in a tiny part of the market could cause huge swings in the availability of silver for investment by the masses.  What happens if that shift doubles investment demand?

What if delivery delays occur, and are widespread and lengthy?  What would that do to create a wholly new mania, warranted or not?  We are certainly no strangers to investment manias. 

The basic truth to all of this is that you can't print metal.  It can only be mined. 

We can however alter the exchange rate of metal to other asset classes by debasing these other asset classes with inflation, debasement and reckless production. 

The time to acquire is when the exchange value into silver from these classes is absurdly imbalanced (as now), and then exchange from silver back out to these other classes when the rates come fair or overshoot the mark and render them out of favor.

************

Remember, while silver is unprintable it is not unattainable.  It is in fact quite easy to acquire in bullion form (for now) through reputable sites, from local coin shops, from trade shows.  But just remember the best time to acquire any asset class is when few are paying attention to it (buy low) than when everyone is rushing for the last bar (buy high).

Sunday, August 12, 2012

The Oz-like folly of Financial Planners..

The $2-million dollar bag of gold

Financial planners often throw around some number.. one that comes up again and again in planning articles is how much retirees should have in their portfolios for a 'comfortable' retirement.  I often see the value of $2,000,000 floated as a good benchmark... with the implication that if you are not studiously stashing your nuts towards that goal then you're going to be in trouble.

My problem with the figure is that it cannot possibly be true for everyone.

Consider.

There are 75,000,000 (75 million) baby boomers starting to retire.  If each of them had two million bucks it would equal 150 trillion dollars in assets.. which is about 10x the total market capitalization of the entire US stock market.  (It's also about 10x the total US debt, and 15x the total US currency outstanding.. but who cares).

This number also assumes that no one else in the world is investing in the US.. not younger workers, not foreigners, etc.

No matter.  We must all have two-million dollars, it has been decreed.

Whatever.

My point is that one should not blindly adhere to what they see in the press.  Most of what is printed is barely fact-checked by the media powers-that-be.. as the above example indicates.

What is important is building an intelligent portfolio for yourself that can provide a reasonable stream of income and stability through good times and bad:  such as utilities, staples, real estate, and commodity exposure, for starters. 

But the next time a planner tells you what your total should be.. ask them to multiply that figure by the total number of people and explain to you exactly how all that money is going to be created, invested, and tallied.  The blank stare should speak volumes.

Sunday, July 29, 2012

Ten Trillion Dollar Texas Hold 'em

Let me start by asking a hypothetical.  If you were playing poker, but didn't have to bet your own money, got to keep the winnings, and were replenished if you lost... what kind of game would you play?

What kind of bets would you make?

What kind of strategy would you use to crush your other players?

What if the other players also had the same benefits?

How soon would it be before the size of the pot reached the realm of absurdity?

This is somewhat analogous to our so-called response to the housing bubble and all the attendant failures of capitalism that they are still bailing out.

The financial community made enormous bets that were poorly conceived, had short-term bonus payouts at the expense of long-term consequences, relied upon knowingly false assumptions, and were blessed all the way up to the President, Chairman of the Federal Reserve Greenspan, and all their mandarin lackeys.

There have been numerous side effects to this that continue to hurt ordinary people today.  These include complete lack of safe investments such as the traditional interest-bearing CD or money-market, which forces people that need security (such as pensioners, retired, etc) into riskier investments than is recommended.  It has led to structurally high unemployment.  Food and energy inflation.

And of course lack of accountability for the Yosemite Sam's who blazed their way into the annals of World Bubble History.

One of the metrics that shows the severity of the crisis is the rate of money creation, measured by the Federal Reserve as M2.

The below graph shows the total money stock over time, with the shaded areas representing recessions.


Note the two sharp upward trends in the past couple of years.  The first corresponded to the 2008 response, cutely named by Ben Bernanke as "quantitative easing".  Really, that just means another $500 billion in new money to give to the banks and their suitors.

Then another surge around 2011 that was the second round of quantitative easing, or "QE2".

All this money is electronic, of course.  Recall that only a fraction of that exists in physical form..

Ten trillion is not some magic point of no return.  But it does indicate the presence of a printing machine that has been the hallmark of the response put forward by the government, central bankers, and their string-pullers to keep a deflating balloon aloft.

The fact that money continues to be created at such a high rate means that the knock-on effects from all the bad bets are still floating around out there and are stinging the system.  But I feel it has transitioned somewhat from legacy bad bets to a whole class of new ones. 

This is because the market, the speculators, and the bettors now know that the government will blink. They have turned us all into the patsy in their high stakes poker game.

By simply crying wolf and pulling the Too-Big-To-Fail Emergency Cord, they can get more money chips on the table, allowing them to bet bigger and bigger with foolish strategies.  They have some measure of insurance from the government, and thanks to tax cuts and flag-waving from the political class, essentially keep all the profits.

Oh, and want to visualize ten trillion dollars?

Imagine making a stack of hundred dollar bills the height of the Eiffel Tower, every three hours.  For 11 years.

That's some serious printing.

Wednesday, May 9, 2012

Comparing average educational status of a State withi their position on Gay Marriage

Today North Carolina became the 30th state to officially ban gay marriage.  Putting aside the obviously heated rhetoric for a moment, I wanted to run a quick check and see what correlation (if any) exists between states that have passed gay marriage, those that have banned it, and those who are somewhere in the middle.. at a stalemate. 

I first located a ranking of the educational status of each state.

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/07/11/state-education-rankings-_n_894528.html

From the article: 
The Science and Engineering Readiness Index (SERI) measures how high school students are performing in physics and calculus -- based on publicly available data, including Advanced Placement scores, National Assessment of Educational Progress reports, teacher certification requirements by state and physics class enrollment data.  The SERI was developed by Susan Wite from the Statistical Research Center at the American Institute of Physics and physicist Paul Cottle of Florida State University.
The SERI score given to each state is on a scale of 1 to 5 and reflects how well states perform and allow opportunities for success in physics and math education and teacher qualifications.
This seemed reasonable.

Note the Index also groups each state into one of five categories: 
  • Well above national average
  • Above average
  • Average
  • Below average
  • Far below average
This will come up later. 


Next I compiled a list of each states' position on gay marriage from Wikipedia:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Same-sex_marriage_status_in_the_United_States_by_state

While it is clear which of the few states have legalized gay marriage and those that have outright banned it from their territory, there is a large swath of intermediate states where the outcome is in doubt.  Sometimes these intermediate states are because there are more Democrats in key spots (governor, legislature) that hold up reactionary measures, other times because court challenges are in progress (one way or the other). 

Coding for banned/legal is easy.  What I did was coded states that banned marriage as "0", those who have legalized it as "1".  (see table below the chart). 

It is the middle group that presents coding challenges.  Those with indeterminate status I coded as "0.5" for first-round simplicity.  In some cases it was a challenge to code as a 0 or 0.5 and one could probably go either way on a few of these.

Take California.  California passed gay marriage in the legislature, but was overturned by the voters, which was overturned by the court, then was in turn overturned by a higher court, now is possibly advancing to a higher court.  I gave California a 0 just for the hassle with coding it. 

So a state could have a value of 1 = Legalized,  0.5=indeterminate, or 0=banned. 

There are more subtle ways of coding the variants and I may do that later, but for demonstration purposes I started here.

So I have two tables:  one table contains the educational ranks and categories, and the other table contains their position on gay marriage.  I combined these tables for the analysis. 

Recall there are five categories for education, ranging from "Well above average" to "Far below average."  I aggregated these tables to get the average educational ranks and gay marriage scores, then plotted them on a scatter plot:


Each dot represents a group of states (see below table).  On the vertical axis we have the relative acceptance of gay marriage, again with 1.0 being a perfect score.  On the horizontal is the relative educational score in science.

Note that the Well-Above-Average states scored much higher in terms of acceptance of gay marriage, while the three bottom groups had the worst scores.

In fact, this chart suggests that acceptance of gay marriage really doesn't seem to take off until a state is associated with a rating of at least Above Average and higher. 

********** table *********

Education Level Rank State Education Index Gay Marriage Status
1. Well above average 1 Massachusetts 4.82 1
1. Well above average 2 Minnesota 4.06 0.5
1. Well above average 3 New Jersey 4.04 0.5
1. Well above average 4 New Hampshire 4.01 1
1. Well above average 5 New York 3.94 1
2. Above Average 6 Virginia 3.73 0
2. Above Average 7 Maryland 3.57 0.5
2. Above Average 8 Connecticut 3.28 0.5
2. Above Average 9 Indiana 3.28 0.5
2. Above Average 10 Maine 3.24 0.5
3. Average 11 Florida 3.13 0
3. Average 12 Illinois 3.08 0.5
3. Average 13 South Dakota 3.08 0
3. Average 14 Wisconsin 3.06 0
3. Average 15 Colorado 3.04 0
3. Average 16 Kansas 3 0
3. Average 17 Kentucky 3 0
3. Average 18 Vermont 2.93 1
3. Average 19 Georgia 2.88 0
3. Average 20 Washington 2.86 0.5
3. Average 21 Utah 2.85 0
3. Average 22 Pennsylvania 2.8 0.5
3. Average 23 Tennessee 2.67 0
3. Average 24 Ohio 2.64 0
3. Average 25 Delaware 2.6 0.5
3. Average 26 Michigan 2.6 0
3. Average 27 Oregon 2.58 0
3. Average 28 Wyoming 2.58 0.5
3. Average 29 Montana 2.53 0
4. Below Average 30 Idaho 2.47 0
4. Below Average 31 Texas 2.45 0
4. Below Average 32 North Dakota 2.4 0
4. Below Average 33 Missouri 2.39 0
4. Below Average 34 California 2.38 0
4. Below Average 35 Rhode Island 2.38 0.5
4. Below Average 36 North Carolina 2.34 0
4. Below Average 37 Hawaii 2.29 0.5
4. Below Average 38 Iowa 2.25 0.5
4. Below Average 39 Alaska 2.2 0
4. Below Average 40 South Carolina 2.2 0
4. Below Average 41 Arkansas 2.14 0
5. Far Below Average 42 Oklahoma 2.01 0
5. Far Below Average 43 Nebraska 1.97 0
5. Far Below Average 44 Nevada 1.93 0
5. Far Below Average 45 Arizona 1.91 0
5. Far Below Average 46 New Mexico 1.72 0.5
5. Far Below Average 47 Alabama 1.6 0
5. Far Below Average 48 Louisiana 1.59 0
5. Far Below Average 49 West Virginia 1.58 0.5
5. Far Below Average 50 Mississippi 1.11 0

Now of course the chart isn't totally definitive without a couple more tests.  Just for shits and giggles I put together a one-way ANOVA to analyze the average gay marriage score against the educational groups.

For the stat geeks below are the diagnostics.. essentially what they show is that only the WELL-ABOVE AVERAGE group is likely to have more tolerance regarding gay marriage acceptance. 





Implications.
I will be the first to state that correlations do not imply causation;  sometimes a correlation is just a random occurrence.

Lets think about it sociologically.  I can see how low education might be associated with an unaccepting environments:  more insular, dogmatic, etc. and how broad-based top-tier educational systems would be associated with communities that strive to provide opportunity. 

For proponents of gay marriage, the implications are.. support your schools' academic curricula!  For those opposed to gay marriage.. eliminate the learning!

In any event, this is all just a quickie run through the data here.  Lots of angles to examine around the socio-demographics.. wish I had more time! 

(note, above results updated to reflect a change in Delaware from 0 to 0.5 ... owing to their passing of Civil Unions despite banning gay marriage. Thx Andrew). 

Friday, February 24, 2012

Why printing means you should diversify with real commodity assets



Monetary Velocity has plunged


http://research.stlouisfed.org/fred2/graph/?s[1][id]=M2V

Defining it like an Economist
Monetary velocity is how many times a dollar is used to purchase an equal value of GDP goods and services.  For example Party A uses it to buy something worth a dollar from Party B, who then uses it to buy something from Party C.  If this dollar is used three times in a year, then its 'monetary velocity' is 3x. 

In a healthy economy with a robust, strong currency, that dollar is in high demand as a means of transacting business and is used many times.  Put another way... when the economy is growing faster than the money supply, velocity of money rises since each dollar has to work harder to satisfy the demand for commerce.  In a shrinking or lethargic economy, with no additional printing.. the velocity of money holds steady.  If there is excessive printing that exceeds the rate of economic growth, then the velocity falls. 

Defining it for the lay person
Point blank:  if you eat more calories than your body will use in a day, you're going to get fat.  If you eat less than you burn rate, you will lose weight.  If you balance it out, you will maintain weight.

Getting way too fat causes all kinds of health problems for people.  An economy that gets fat on fiat paper is going to have health problems too. 

In currency terms, a crashing velocity means the supply of money is growing so fast, it can weigh down the system ... like a big fat ass sitting on a coiled spring.  If it loses its balance and falls off then the spring will explode and voila... we have an inflationary bubble in one or more asset classes.

Last time it found roots in the housing market, as loose money spawned an even larger loose credit cycle.... which enabled an even larger credit derivatives and securitization bubble.

Fiat vs. Commodities

Velocity is plunging for two reasons.  First the economy shrunk rapidly during the recession, while the money supply was inflated.  This compressed the turn ratio for money.

Second, while the economy is now growing it is growing sluggishly.  While some growth is better than none.. the inflation of the money supply is growing even faster.  M2 kept rising from one consecutive bailout (easing cycle) after another. 

When the rate of money supply growth exceeds that of economic growth then the velocity of money will fall.

Being awash in paper fiat currency is not usually a good thing, because it leads to inflation.  The majority of people, pundits and politicians see this inflation first as a speculative phenomenon, not the symptoms of a weakening currency.  Hedge funds are blamed, sometimes banks, sometimes Arab countries (or other oil producers), but these are misguided if the fiat currency is inflating.


Inflation-Protection Security: Commodity buffer
Real assets measured in fiat currencies offer some protection from this effect.  An investment portfolio that does not contain physical precious metals (silver, gold, platinum, and palladium), farm land (with water rights/timber, etc), and so forth could be exposed to real erosion by inflation.

Trading some of your fiat money for these assets, however, is a way of preserving the a portion of your long-term wealth... especially since they keep easing with one program after another.  These items are becoming more expensive to acquire because the paper money used to buy them is becoming more plentiful in the system (not necessarily your paycheck!) and the global demand to exit fiat for real stuff is rising. 

Be smart, protect your portfolio.  Not having any commodity component could mean you are overexposed to fiat-denominated investments, and therefore not diversified.  Add the buffer.